Electric pipe-joining and pipe-work



BESTAVAILABLE COP (No Model.)

THOMSON. ELECTRIC PIPE JOINING AND PIPE WORK. No. 396,013.

Patented Jan. 8, 1889.

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII J IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII' UNITED STATES BEST AVAILABLE cop- PATENT OFFICE.

ELIHU 'inonsox, .oF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS.

I ELECTRIC mEuommo-mo PIPE-Wonk;

' forming part of-Letters Patent No. 896,013, dated January 8,1889.

was rum 10. mag. Serial in. mass. 4H0 model- To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known thatl, ELIHU THOMSON, a citizen of the United States, and a residentof Lynn, in the county of Essex and State of I Massachusetts, have invented acertain new.

without increasing the diameter of thepipe,

and with a rninimnm'of laborv as compared with the existing methdds of making wiped joints. I introduce new articles of spe cial form' into such work, as'Ts, elbows, branches, &c., made separately and joined into the pipeqaourse wherever needed.

My invention consists, essentially, in form ingthe tube or pipe, or section of tube or pipe that'is to be joined to another section, with a taper or chamfer at the portion to be abutted, as willbe hereinafter described.

My invention consists, also,'in forming the taper or chamfer both from the inside outward, and preferablmbnt by no means nee- -easarily,'in' such manner that the resultant edge or ridge shall be somewhat nearer to the.

interior than to the exterior diameter ofthe the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 illustrates two sect-ions asformed in accord ance with my invention preliminarily to the .welding operation. Fig; 2 shows the-same sections as they appear after the. welding op- 49 eration. Fig.'3.sho ws a pipe in section with its-.end' prepared or shaped in. a preferred manner preparatory to the welding operation. 4 is an end view of said pipe. Fig.-.5 illds'trates a furtherslight modification in the given to the end of the pipe. Fig. 6 s'hg'ws how a T prepared injaccordance with my invention may be inserted between sections'of pipe. Fig. 7 shows the 1', separate. Figs. 8, 9, and 10 illustrate other forms of tube or pipe, prepared in accordance with myinwith lead inobtainmg good-looking joints vention, Fig. 8 being an elbow, Fig. 9' acap, and Fig. 10 a Y-branch. Figs. 11 and 12 show .in side and edge view a fastening-section of .pipe prepared in similar manner. Fig. -13

illustrates? prepareu cock to be joined elect-rically to the end of a pipe, or to a T or .the like in plumbing.

In Fig. 1, P P are the pieces of pipeto be 1 joined by clamping them' in abutment and passing a heating electric current through the joint. Dotted .lines indicate clamps C C', of. any construction, relatively movable in my general electric-welding-process. On the end. of each piece of pipe is made ataper or bevel, 4 which includes nearlythe whole of the end, leaving only a narrow line orridge in abutment under comparatively small pressure. Onpassing current thesmall ridges in contact melt first, and as the pieces move t4 get-her the tapered portion continues to melt and solder, as it were, the ends of the pipes.

together with the material of the pipe itself,

. giving a result like that shown in Fig. 2-a

strong and good joint not much enlarged.

The' tapering of the ends is quite impor- \tant for the best results, and to obtain the best results the taperingshouldbe'snch asto leave only a narrow ridge of each piece meet ing at the start. This applies to lead and tin pipe chiefly, which do not become weldable properly unless melted at the meeting-po nts. The clamps C C .must'folldw, up the meltsng as fast as itoccnrs and keep the solid metal in abutment. In order to keep the interior of the pipe .open and clear, the ends are'be'stprepared as shown in Figs. 3, '4, and 5, Fig. 3 shows a double taper both from the bore out and from the outside, meeting in a ridge rather nearer the interior surface of the pipe than its exterior. As shown in Fig. 5 enlarged, a small circular portion of the end may be left flat at J J, while the restfis chamfered, as shown; I find this mode: of pro tion of great value and without choking epipe-bore. The same method is iollowcdin preparing the parts of v a T-piece to be set into the pipe by electricwelding, as in Fig: 6, T beinga lead casting, (for lead-work,) and the lead pipes P, P, and mo B being joined thereto, as in Fig. l. l make the T-pieces' scparatel y by casting, and preferably with the-ends for joining tapered for- BEST AVAILABLE cos 3 (-an be (Hi3 and put together, and to pro-seruthe outside diameter as well as the inside diuse. They may also be forced into shape in Y, differing onlyfrom piece '1, Fig. 7, in the direction of the ln-anch-coiinection as regards the pipe itself. In Figs. 11 and 12 the piece- F, ready tobe inserted between the pipepieces, has cars 'E E integral with it for a fastening to a support by nails'or screws. It; is needless to saythatsuch piece might also be a T-braneh, or that the T-picee, Fig. 7 or elbow, Fig.8, or cap, Fig; 9, or Y, Fig. 10, might each have one orfmore sujch ears for fastening.- 1

Stop-cocks may be prepared for use in joining .to T-b'ranc'hes, t-Ii-pip'es, or the like bythe insert-ion, as in Fig. 13, of a lead-pipe'end into a deep groove formed in, the cock M, of brass 0'! other metal, in which groove a small ring of soft solder, S, has been placed and a suitable flux applied. On heating the cock M to melt the solder, the piece of lead 13 being at the same time forced into the groove in M, the solder will perfect the joint between them, and the piece may then be used to join, as in Fig. l; to other lead pipes or pieces. The piece B, Fig. l3,it will be seen, conld harc been a T-piece itself, or an elbow, L, to one end or openingin which the cock M was I-d0 not limit myself to lead .and tin pipe merely, but apply the same general principle to other pi pe-weld ing, particularly the production as' separate manufactures of Ts, Ys, clbows, caps, fasten big-pieces, &c., of such shape as tobe readily \\'elded,instiead of screwed, to thcother'parts. I' amthus enabled to secure non-leaking joints without cement, to make the joints far more rapidly than screw-joints amt-tier of the pipe.

hat I claim as my invention is l. The herein-describml improvement in forming electrieallywelded joints between pipes, tubes, or tubular pieces, consisting in formingthe taperor chamfer upon the end of' the tube or tubular port-ion, abutting the. end of the. tube against the tube or pipe to which it is to be joined, and subjecting the two pieces or sections of pipe to an endwise pressure while they are in a heated state, as and for the purpose described.

2. The herein-described improvement in electrically welding pipes, tubes, or tubular pieces or objects, consisting in forming a double taper or chamfer both from thebore outv and from the outside inward, as and for the purpose described. 4

3. The herein-described improvement in electrically welding pipes, tubes, or tubular pieces, consisting in chamfering or tapering the tubular end so as to leaye a narrow ridge or edge rather-nearer the inside than the outside diameter of the tube, asand for the pn r pose described. v

4. The herein-described improvement in electrically welding lead, tin, or other soft pipes, tubes, or tubular pieces, consisting in forming the abutting end of the tube with a narrowed edge preliminarily to the welding operation, as and for the purpose described.

5; The herein-described improvement in welding together two tubular sections or pieces -of lead, tin, or other soft metal, consisting in forming the abutting ends of the tubes or tubular portions with a narrow edge or 'i-idge, passing a heating electric current across the joint, and ,moving the pieces, together to follow the melting oi?- the tapered portion.-

Signed at Lynn, in the county of Essex and State of ltlassaehuset-ts, this 13th day of Airgust, A. D. 1888.

.ELIHU Thomson. Witnesses:

J .-W. GIBBONEY, A. L. ROHRER. 

